Which of the following are key symptoms of inhalant intoxication?

• A. Nystagmus, red eyes, heart failure, death
• B. Euphoric mood and increased sociability
• C. Hallucinations and paranoia
• D. Slurred speech and ataxia

Answer: (A)

Inhalants produce a distinct pattern of signs, with visible effects on the eyes and heart risk that are particularly telling. Red eyes come from conjunctival irritation and vascular effects of inhaled solvents, while nystagmus reflects central nervous system depressant effects. More importantly, inhalants can trigger severe cardiac problems, including heart failure and even death, especially when exposure is heavy or repeated. This combination—nystagmus, red eyes, and the potential for fatal cardiac complications—best captures the hallmark features of inhalant intoxication.

Other options describe effects that can occur with many substances or are less specific to inhalants. Euphoric mood and increased sociability aren’t unique to inhalants. Hallucinations and paranoia point more to hallucinogens or stimulant-type intoxications. Slurred speech and ataxia are common with several depressants, but they don’t highlight the characteristic eye signs and serious cardiac risk seen with inhalants.